Rappelling, or "abseiling" as it is known in some parts of the world, is a rock climbing term that refers to moving down your rope toward the ground. It is obvious that rappelling is an extremely important part of the rock climbing process. Even one mistake in your preparation or technique, and you can quickly go from rappelling to freefalling. Observing a few basic tips will help keep you on the rope where you belong.
Technique
The basics of your rappelling technique are important to keep you safe and having an enjoyable experience. First, always secure all loose elements such as long hair, shirts or other clothing so they remain away from your rappelling device. Keep your brake hand on the rope at all times, and position it close to your hip so it never gets caught in the device. It is also important to keep your body in an upright position with your toes touching the rocks and heels low. Take short steps as you descend and move slowly.
System Backup
A backup in case something goes wrong is probably unnecessary most of the time, but it will save your life if your primary system ever fails. The easiest backup is to tie a large knot at the bottom end of your rope so you won't fall all the way to the ground. Using a partner to help apply friction to your rope is another way to back yourself up and stay safe.
Basic Equipment
A few pieces of basic equipment will keep you safe and comfortable as you rappel. You need a sturdy pair of rock climbing gloves to protect your hands, rock climbing boots, kneepads and a helmet. Enlist the help of an expert to help you choose a rope that suits the type of climbing you are going to do, and get a harness that is comfortable, because you could be hanging in it for hours at a time.
Safety Checks
Before you start to rappel, it is wise to perform a handful of safety checks, just to ensure you haven't forgotten anything. First, your rope must be secured to a suitable anchor. Any immovable object at the top of the rocks will suffice. You must have a way to stop yourself and a backup in place, all of the gates and locks on your rappelling device must be secure, and you must be wearing all of your equipment.
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