Sodium fluoride is the name for a compound with the chemical formula NaF. It is important in oral health because it enhances tooth mineralization by attracting calcium and phosphate ions to the tooth surface. The U.S. Center for Disease Control has named fluoridation of the public water supply as one of the top ten public health achievements in the 20th century.
Benefits
A benefit of sodium fluoride is that it reduces the incidence of dental cavities. The American Dental Association estimates that fluoridation of water reduces tooth decay by 20 to 40 percent. Sodium fluoride is available in the form of fluoride toothpaste or rinse. Dentists provide topical fluoride treatments applied directly to the teeth. For people in areas without fluoride supplementation to the water, sodium fluoride tablets or drops are available.
Recommended Amounts
Although a Recommended Daily Allowance of sodium fluoride does not exist, the MayoClinic.com states suggested daily amounts. Infants and children up to age three should receive 0.1 to 1.5 milligrams per day. Children ages four through six should take in 1 to 2.5 milligrams daily and those ages seven to ten years of age need 1.5 to 2.5 milligrams. Adolescents and adults should receive 1.5 to 4 milligrams daily.
Sodium Fluoride in Water
In many areas of the United States, the water supply has been supplemented with sodium fluoride to reach concentrations of 0.7 to 1.2 parts per million. According to the American Dental Association, this is an optimal level of fluoride to protect the general population from tooth decay.
Cautions
Too much fluoride may cause tooth discoloration. This may especially appear as white, brown, or black spots on the teeth of children. Over time, excessive sodium fluoride may cause bone problems. People with joint pain, serious kidney problems or stomach ulcers may experience worsening of their condition with sodium fluoride intake.
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