Bariatric surgery is a weight loss operation that requires drastic diet and lifestyle changes. Most physicians will require nutrition counseling before and after surgery to ensure that you are meeting all of your nutrient needs. Because the types and quantities of foods able to be consumed after surgery dramatically decreases, supplemental vitamins are usually prescribed. Most vitamins should be consumed in either a chewable or liquid form. A physician will be able to tell you exactly which vitamins you need depending on the type of surgery you had, and may even have samples and coupons for bariatric-specific vitamins.
Multivitamins
Because the amount of food eaten after bariatric surgery is usually significantly less than prior to surgery, obtaining adequate vitamins from food alone is a difficult task. Also, according to the American Society for Bariatric Surgery, depending on the type of surgery performed, malabsorption can also be an issue, requiring supplemental multivitamins. Chewable multivitamins are easily available and can be taken after surgery.
B Vitamins
According to postoperative concerns listed by the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeries, malabsorption of B-vitamins is a common problem, especially after the Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Vertical Banding procedures. B-complex vitamins include Vitamins B-1, B-2, B-3, B-6, biotin and pantothenic acid. Your doctor may also prescribe a high dose B-12 vitamin, usually sublingual so that it may be absorbed under the tongue. If the patient continues to be deficient in vitamin B-12, muscular injections may be recommended.
Calcium
The American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery notes the importance of calcium supplements and that dosages may be given to exceed the average person's recommended daily amount because of the body's inability to properly process the mineral after surgery. The total dose may be divided throughout the day. A combination calcium-vitamin D pill may also be prescribed.
Iron
Like calcium, iron deficiency may also be another problem after bariatric surgery. Not all patients experience iron deficiency and taking supplemental iron can sometimes aggravate symptoms of constipation so only take iron pills if prescribed by your doctor. Because calcium and iron supplements compete with each other in the body, it is important not to take your iron pill at the same time as your calcium pill. Iron can also be obtained through the foods eaten post-operatively, especially lean proteins. Although not a vitamin, protein is another supplement that your doctor may recommend you take after surgery. Look for products that are low in carbohydrates and high in protein. A registered dietitian can help you determine your specific protein needs.
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