Constipation and diarrhea are both symptoms of problems within the gastrointestinal tract; neither is a disease in and of itself. Both can lead to serious health complications, but for completely different reasons. Both also have numerous causes, some easy to remedy and some very difficult. Dietary changes can play a large part in treating both conditions. If you have constipation or diarrhea that lasts more than a few days, see your medical practitioner for help in diagnosing and treating the underlying problem.
Diarrhea Definition and Causes
Diarrhea is loose, watery and frequent stool that usually occur more than three times a day. The main risk of diarrhea is dehydration electrolyte imbalances, which occurs when essential minerals such as sodium and potassium are lost in excess amounts in the stool. Diet can contribute to diarrhea if contaminated foods or water are consumed. Bacterial and viral infections, medications, parasites, stress and travel can also all cause diarrhea. Surgery that alters the intestines and diseases that affect the gut can cause diarrhea as well.
Constipation Definition and Causes
Constipation refers to infrequent bowel movements or difficult passage of stools. Not drinking enough fluids or eating enough fiber are common causes of constipation. Decreased physical activity, over-reliance on laxatives, narcotic pain medications, spinal cord injury and mechanical problems with the colon can all cause constipation.
Dietary Treatments for Diarrhea
To improve diarrhea, avoid greasy foods, sweets, milk products and apple, pear and cherry juices. Avoid sugar-free gum or mints, which can worsen diarrhea, or fat-free foods containing Olestra. The BRAT diet, a bland diet consisting of bananas, rice, applesauce and toast is often recommended for both adults and children suffering from a bout of diarrhea. Baked chicken without the skin or fat is also easily digested. Drink plenty of fluids and ask your doctor about taking drinks to replace lost electrolytes. Temporary lactose intolerance may follow diarrhea for 7 to 10 days, so avoid milk products during that time.
Dietary Treatments for Constipation
Eating more fiber -- between 20 and 35 g daily as opposed to the 5 to 14 g in the typical American diet -- helps improve constipation, as does drinking more fluid, notes the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disorders. Foods high in fiber include fruits, vegetables and whole grains.
