The National Institute of Mental Health reports that about 18 percent of Americans suffer from anxiety and 6.8 percent suffer from major depressive disorder in any given year. Positive results obtained from small studies suggest that kava kava may be of some benefit in anxiety disorders and depression, however, larger studies are needed to confirm these findings. If you suffer from any of these conditions and are considering taking kava kava, you should talk to your doctor first.
About Kava Kava
Kava kava, scientifically known as Piper methysticum, is a widely used plant in the Pacific islands, being known for its relaxing, calming effects, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. It may therefore be a useful addition to the usual drug therapy for anxiety or depression. The main active ingredients in kava root called kavalactones have been found to reduce convulsions, promote sleep and relax muscles in animal subjects, notes UMMC.
Research
Studies conducted on the effects of kava kava have largely been positive and have encouraged further and larger research into this area. The Kava Anxiety Depression Spectrum Study, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial using an aqueous extract of kava, published in the journal of "Psychopharmacology" in 2009, found that the use of kava kava in 41 subjects with anxiety and depression significantly improved symptoms of both anxiety and depression.
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2003, Issue 1, reviewed the literature available on the efficacy of kava extract versus placebo for treating anxiety. It was found that most studies showed improvement of anxiety states with kava kava use, but larger and more comprehensive trials into this herb and its long-term safety are needed to establish a definite benefit.
Forms Available and Safety Issues
Kava is available in the form of liquids, tinctures, capsules and tablets. Doses have not been fixed and vary with different formulations. It takes about four weeks for kava to show any effect. Stop taking kava intake for at least two weeks after you have taken it for three months, before you take it again, to prevent its long-term effects, such as loss of hair, hearing problems or appetite changes. Use in pregnancy, lactation and children and before surgery must be avoided. Never drink alcohol while using kava. A major concern with the use of kava has been its implication in liver damage. This effect, though reported widely, has not been directly linked to any constituent of kava. Side effects that may occur with kava include allergic skin reactions, dizziness, drowsiness and mild stomach upset.
Considerations
Consult a qualified health care provider to find out optimal dosage of kava kava as well as possible drug or herb interactions. Kava kava does not replace and should not be used to replace any conventional drugs you are currently taking for anxiety of depression.
