5-hydroxytryptophan, or 5-HTP, is a chemical that is produced in the body, from the amino acid tryptophan, which is obtained through food. After the body converts tryptophan into 5-HTP, it then converts 5-HTP into another chemical called serotonin. 5-HTP supplements are used for a variety of different purposes and its usefulness is derived primarily by the fact that it contributes to the production of serotonin and helps raise serotonin levels in the brain.
Depression
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter, which means that it is used by the brain to transfer nerve impulses from one cell to another. Serotonin is often called the "happy neurotransmitter" and many antidepressants work by targeting and increasing serotonin levels in the brain. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, or UMMC, some studies have shown that 5-HTP supplements work as effectively as certain antidepressant drugs for treating people who suffer from mild-to-moderate depression. The benefit of 5-HTP over traditional antidepressant drugs is that it produces fewer unwanted side effects. UMMC warns, however, that the studies conducted on 5-HTP for the treatment of depression have been small, and thus, more research needs to be done to prove its efficacy as an antidepressant.
Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by tender points on various parts of the body, morning stiffness, anxiety, fatigue and disturbed sleep. Many fibromyalgia sufferers are prescribed antidepressants because fibromyalgia symptoms are thought to be caused by a deficiency of serotonin. Since 5-HTP works in the same way as antidepressants by boosting serotonin in the brain, it too may be effective for reducing fibromyalgia symptoms. The NYU Langone Medical Center says that a double-blind study found that people taking 300mg of 5-HTP daily for 30 days experienced a significant reduction in the number of tender points and the amount of pain that they experienced compared to those taking a placebo. Those taking the 5-HTP also reported a vast improvement in morning stiffness, anxiety and fatigue. Despite positive results from preliminary research, more research still needs to be carried out.
Insomnia
According to Nutritional Supplements Health Guide, 5-HTP may also be effective for promoting a good night's sleep and reducing insomnia. 5-HTP is thought to play an important role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle, and it can increase the quality of sleep without the hangover feelings typical of many sleeping pills. One study found that people who took 5-HTP went to sleep quicker and experienced a deeper sleep than those who took a placebo. For therapeutic purposes, researchers recommend taking 200 to 400mg of 5-HTP at night, but warn that it may take between 6 and 12 weeks to become fully effective.
Weight Loss
Finally, 5-HTP supplements may be beneficial as a weight loss aid. Studies have found that people who supplement with 5-HTP consume fewer calories naturally, compared to those taking a placebo. Researchers say that 5-HTP may help people to feel more full and satisfied after eating, so that they eat less without trying. However, doses used in studies for weight loss purposes, were high, and they caused many participants to experience nausea. As such, you should talk to your doctor before taking 5-HTP as a weight loss aid.
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