As its name suggests, cod liver oil is derived from the liver of the cod, a type of fish. Cod liver oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids -- particularly eicosapentaenoic acid, or EPA, and docosahexaenoic acid, or DHA. Before adding a cod liver oil supplement to your daily regimen, be sure to discuss the benefits and potential side effects associated with this fish oil supplement with your medical provider.
Health Benefits
Supplements rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as cod liver oil, may impart a variety of health benefits when used medicinally. Cod liver oil may help reduce inflammation throughout your body, which may be particularly beneficial if you have joint inflammation due to osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment with cod liver oil may also help reduce your risk of developing heart disease. Omega-3 fatty acids may help protect the heart by reducing blood pressure or blood triglyceride levels. Taking this type of fish oil supplement on a regular basis may also help prevent a stroke or heart attack. Health professionals with UC Berkeley explain tht additional health applications of cod liver oil may include prevention of depression and Alzheimer's disease and treatment of cancer; however, additional research is needed to support these purported health benefits of cod liver oil.
Mild Side Effects
After consuming cod liver oil, you may experience mild side effects. Stomach discomfort is the common side effect of this fish oil supplement and may result in heartburn, nausea, gas or belching. Diarrhea, or frequently loose bowel movements, may also arise following treatment with cod liver oil. While taking cod liver oil, your breath may give of a strong, fish-like odor, which may be embarrassing. Seek care from your doctor if these side effects become bothersome or if you develop chronic bouts of diarrhea. Recurrent diarrhea may result in the loss of vital electrolytes and may increase your risk of becoming dehydrated.
Severe Side Effects
Cod liver oil may prevent your blood from clotting normally. Consequently, you may experience bleeding complications, such as frequent nosebleeds or easy bruising, as a severe side effect of this supplement. Cod liver oil is also high in both vitamins A and D. Prolonged or excessive treatment with cod liver oil may significantly elevate your blood levels of these nutrients. High vitamin A or D blood levels may cause symptoms of weakness, fatigue, appetite loss, unintended weight loss and recurrent fractures. Consult your medical provider immediately if you exhibit any of these severe side effects after taking a dose of cod liver oil.
Contraindications
Discuss all health concerns you may have with your physician before taking cod liver oil. Avoid treatment with this type of fish oil if you are pregnant or breast-feeding. Additionally, do not take cod liver oil if you are sensitive to aspirin, fish or shellfish, as you may be at risk of developing allergic reaction symptoms. People receiving treatment with immunosuppressant drugs should not take cod liver oil unless otherwise directed by a doctor. Cod liver oil may boost the function of your immune system, which may counteract the effects of immunosuppressant therapy.
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