Diabetes is caused by too little insulin, resistance to insulin or both. Insulin is produced in the pancreas and moves glucose from the bloodstream into muscle, fat and liver cells, where it can be used as fuel. To help diabetics monitor their insulin levels Mayoclinc.com recommends a variety of nutritious foods in moderate amounts and regular mealtimes. If you suffer from diabetes be sure to consult with your doctor and a dietitian about a diet that is right for you.
Healthy Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates break down directly into glucose and have a direct effect on blood glucose levels in diabetics. The National Institutes of Health explains that it is important to eat at the same time each day and regulate the amount of carbohydrates especially if you take diabetes medications or insulin. In addition to timing and amounts, it is important to aim for healthy carbohydrates that are high in fiber and whole grain. Examples include whole grain breads, whole wheat pastas, oatmeal, legumes and low-fat dairy products.
Avoid Trans and Saturated Fats
Since diabetics are more at risk for heart disease they should stick to a heart-healthy diet. Avoid high-fat dairy products, animal proteins such as beef, hot dogs, sausage and bacon that contain saturated fats. Choose lean cuts of meat, including sirloin, chuck, round and tenderloin; skinless chicken breast is the leanest. Trans fat should be avoided completely. Skip processed, packaged meals, commercially baked goods, shortening and stick margarine.
Fruits and Vegetables
Fruits and vegetables contain healthy carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and are high in fiber. They are also low in calories and can help with weight loss and weight maintenance in diabetics. Diabetics should try for fresh fruit and vegetables without sugar or heavy syrups. Aim for three to five servings a day of apples, strawberries, bananas, lettuce, broccoli and green beans.
Lower Cholesterol and Sodium Intake
Diabetics should aim for no more than 200 mg of cholesterol and less than 2,000 mg of sodium a day. Sources of high cholesterol and sodium foods include high-fat dairy products, high-fat animal proteins, egg yolks, shellfish, processed food and microwavable food.
