Iron is an essential metal your body requires to provide oxygen to your cells, tissues, muscles and organs. Adults who don't get the recommended 8 to 18 mg of iron each day may be at risk of developing iron-deficiency anemia. Your physician may recommend taking an iron supplement if you blood levels of iron are unusually low. Though treatment with iron is generally safe when it is taken as directed, discuss the potential dangers of iron supplements before beginning treatment.
Mild Side Effects
While taking iron supplements, you may be in danger of developing mild side effects. Stomach upset, diarrhea, nausea, heartburn and constipation are the most common side effects associated with iron supplements. In conjunction, these side effects may contribute to a temporary loss of appetite and may result in abdominal cramping or bloating. Iron given by intravenous injection, also called IV, may cause flu-like side effects, including fever, joint pain, headache or swollen lymph glands. If you experience chronic diarrhea or constipation, discuss it with your doctor, as such side effects may increase your risk of developing dehydration or intestinal blockage, respectively. Additionally, let your doctor know if stomach discomfort persists or increases in severity.
Overdose
Unfortunately, accidental iron overdose is the leading causes of fatal poisoning in children younger than 5. Symptoms caused by taking too much iron include vomiting, bloody stools, abdominal pain, seizures, drowsiness and loss of consciousness. Without prompt and appropriate medical care, an iron overdose may cause shock, coma or death. Contact an emergency medical provider immediately if you or your child exhibits any iron overdose symptoms.
Contraindications
Iron supplementation may not be appropriate for people with certain health conditions or concerns. Always inform your doctor of any medical issues you have before you start taking iron. Avoid treatment with iron supplements if you have a personal history of inflammatory intestinal diseases or stomach or intestinal ulcers. Treatment with iron may exacerbate your gastrointestinal symptoms. Additionally, do not take iron if you have a medical condition that affects your hemoglobin levels, such as thalassemia.
Interactions with Other Medications
Discuss any supplement or medication you are taking with your health care provider before taking iron supplements. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, also called NSAIDs, and allopurinol should not be used in conjunction with iron supplements. Iron supplements may also reduce the efficacy or absorption of certain medications, including levothyroxine, carbidopa and levodopa, ACE inhibitors, tetracyclines, quinolones and bisphosphonates. Women taking birth control medications should be aware that these medications may increase their blood levels of iron.
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