Hypertension, or high blood pressure, and high cholesterol are separate medical conditions that put you at a high risk of developing heart disease and experiencing a heart attack or a stroke. If you have hypertension or high cholesterol, you should take necessary steps to lower your numbers to decrease your risks.
Blood Pressure Readings
Blood pressure is defined as the force that blood exerts on your arteries as it travels throughout your body. Blood pressure readings consist of two numbers: systolic and diastolic. Systolic blood pressure is the top number of a blood pressure reading and represents the amount of pressure exerted when the heart beats. Diastolic blood pressure is the bottom number in a blood pressure reading. Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure when your heart is relaxed and in between beats. Generally, normal blood pressure is characterized as 120/80 mm Hg or lower.
Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, occurs when the force of blood in your arteries increases. Hypertension is classified in stages based on how high your numbers are. If your blood pressure is between 140/90 mm Hg and 159/99 mm Hg, it is considered stage 1 hypertension. Blood pressure of 160/100 mm Hg or higher is classified as stage 2 hypertension. If your blood pressure remains high for an extended period of time, it can cause damage to your arteries and put excess strain on your heart.
High Cholesterol
Normally, your blood contains small amounts of cholesterol that are used to create cell membranes, bile acids, vitamins and sex hormones. If your blood contains too much cholesterol, however, it can increase your risk of developing heart disease. If your total cholesterol level is 240 mg/dL or higher, it is generally considered high. LDL cholesterol levels of 130 mg/dL or higher are also considered high.
Treatment
The best way to lower your blood pressure and your cholesterol levels is through the proper diet. Lowering your intake of sodium, cholesterol and saturated fat can help reduce your levels. Most of your diet should consist of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean protein. You should also engage in regular exercise. Exercise can directly lower your blood pressure and cholesterol levels as well as promote weight loss, which can also lower your blood pressure and cholesterol.
If you cannot adequately lower your blood pressure and cholesterol levels with diet and exercise, your doctor may recommend medication to help.
