The eggplant is native to India, where it continues to grow in the wild. Trade brought the vegetable to Europe and Africa. The Spanish ultimately introduced the eggplant to North America in the 1800s, where its cultivation thrives today. The eggplant is a member of the nightshade family, related to the tomato and the potato. The physical appearance of eggplant varieties can vary widely. In the United States, white and purple eggplants are sold.
Nutrition Content
The eggplant is a low-calorie vegetable that provides a variety of nutrients and fiber. A one-cup serving of eggplant provides 20 calories of energy, 2.8 g of fiber, 189 mg of potassium and 18 mcg of folic acid. The eggplant also contains phytochemicals that provide antioxidant effects in the body. Resveratrol is found in the skin of the purple eggplant, and hesperidin is found in the skin of the white eggplant.
Culinary Uses
Eggplant is a versatile vegetable. The texture of the eggplant's flesh is sponge-like and absorbs flavors well. To reduce the vegetable's absorption levels prior to cooking it in oil, sprinkle a layer of salt over the edible portion. The eggplant is commonly used in Italian culinary dishes such as eggplant parmesan, and Middle Eastern dishes including eastern babaganoush.
Helps Fulfill Daily Produce Requirement
The amount of produce a person is required to eat daily is based on their age, sex, weight and level of physical activity. The average recommended amount of fruits and vegetables is five to seven servings daily. A cup of eggplant provides one vegetable serving. Varying the colors and types of vegetables and fruits in the diet increases the probability that all required nutrients will be consumed.
Availability and Variety
Available year-round, several types are sold, including the globe eggplant, the purple variety commonly found in the grocery store. The Asian variety is a long, slender, purple vegetable often used in stir fry dishes. The egg-shaped variety, which is how the eggplant's name was derived, comes in purple, white and other varied colors.
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