Kidney stones are hard, solid particles in the urinary tract that can block the flow of urine and cause extreme pain. They grow slowly over the course of months or years and are made of deposits of various minerals including calcium, oxalate and uric acid, which have crystallized and hardened into stones. Certain supplements can help to prevent or reduce kidney stones in the body. Kidney stones are a serious disorder, however, and some supplements can be toxic in high doses, so talk to your health care practitioner before starting any new supplement.
Magnesium Citrate
Magnesium citrate increases the solubility of calcium in the urine, helping to prevent calcium from crystallizing into stones. Phyllis Balch says in her book "Prescription for Nutritional Healing" that magnesium can also help to lower oxalates, which are mineral salts that contribute to kidney stone formation. For therapeutic purposes, the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMM) says to take between 200 and 400 mg of magnesium citrate daily. UMM warns, however, that magnesium may cause loose stools or a drop in blood pressure.
Inositol Hexaphosphate
Inositol hexaphophate, or "IP6," is a vitamin-like substance found in many plant and animal foods. It is a potent antioxidant; UMM says it promotes kidney health. Balch adds that it has been proven by many studies to help prevent and treat kidney stones. UMM says to take IP6 on an empty stomach and to consult your health care practitioner for the proper dosage.
Multivitamin and Mineral Complex
All nutrients are needed in balance and UMM recommends taking a multivitamin and mineral complex daily. For the best results, UMM says to choose a supplement that contains a blend of selenium and vitamins A, C and E, because they are powerful antioxidants. This is important because antioxidants can help destroy free radicals, which are associated with stone formation. Make sure the supplement also contains a wide variety of B vitamins, especially vitamin B6, which may help to reduce oxalate levels.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is beneficial to the urinary tract and helps to discourage the formation of stones. Balch says it is helpful to kidney stone sufferers because it promotes healing of the lining of the urinary tract, which is often damaged by stones. Balch recommends taking 25,000 IU daily of vitamin A, and choosing a supplement that also contains beta carotene. Beta carotene is a vitamin A derivative that is thought to maximize the absorption and efficacy of vitamin A.
Zinc
Zinc can help to inhibit the formation of crystals that can later accumulate into stones. It also helps to enhance immune function. Balch recommends taking 50 to 80 mg daily of zinc gluconate. Take your zinc with food, as zinc may cause nausea when taken on an empty stomach. Do not exceed 100 mg daily.
References
- "Prescription for Nutritional Healing"; Phyllis Balch; 2003
- "Pathology and Nutrition"; The Canadian School of Natural Nutrition; Lilieana Stradler Mitrea; 2008
- "The University of Maryland Medical Center: Kidney Stones
