Minerals are inorganic compounds your body needs to function properly. Minerals are classified based on how much of them you need in your body, in turn and how much of them you need from your diet. You need large amounts of major minerals and only small amounts of trace minerals. Because your body only needs small amounts of trace minerals does not diminish their importance. Each trace mineral performs an independent and important function.
Iron
Your body contains more iron than any other mineral. The body needs iron to make the protein center of your red blood cells, called hemoglobin. The iron in your hemoglobin helps transport oxygen to your cells and remove carbon dioxide from them. Iron also helps transport and store oxygen in your muscle cells. Your body also uses iron to make the neurotransmitters in your brain, which send signals from your brain to the rest of your body.
Zinc
Zinc is involved in over 100 enzyme reactions. Zinc allows RNA and DNA to form properly and ensures that your wounds heal quickly and properly. Zinc also helps produce white blood cells, which are vital to protecting your body from infection. It also plays a role in your taste buds and allows you to taste foods properly.
Selenium
Selenium helps regulate your thyroid hormones, which control every aspect of your metabolism. In addition, selenium functions as an antioxidant, protecting your cells from damage caused by harmful substances called free radicals.
Fluoride
The most well-known function of fluoride is its role in keeping your teeth healthy. Fluoride helps repair enamel on your teeth and interferes with the amount of acid bacteria are able to produce, which protects your teeth from erosion. Fluoride also acts as a protective barrier between your teeth and any acid in your saliva.
Chromium
The main function of chromium is to increase the action of insulin in your cells. This insulin regulation allows your body to metabolize and store carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
Copper
Copper increases the absorption of iron, so it is essential for healthy red blood cells. Copper also allows the formation of your connective tissue and plays a role in the synthesis of melanin, which is the dark pigment found in your skin. Copper also ensures that your immune system functions properly and your blood clots normally.
Iodine
Iodine helps keep your thyroid gland healthy and allows it to produce its essential hormones. Without iodine, your thyroid gland could not function properly and every metabolic reaction in your body would be disrupted.
Manganese
Manganese allows your body to convert carbohydrates and fats into energy and ensures that you can break down important amino acids. Manganese also plays a role in the formation of healthy bones.
Molybdenum
Molybdenum makes up various enzymes that control chemical reactions. The trace mineral is essential for the breakdown of amino acids.
References
- "Nutrition and You"; Joan Salge Blake; 2008
- "Trace Minerals"; Arlette Rasmussen, Ph.D., R.D., et al.; Mar. 1, 1997
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