Dieting involves altering your dietary intake in some way. This typically includes a reduced-calorie intake each day for weight loss, altering the composition of your diet or both. Certain side effects associated with weight loss vary based on the type of diet used, amount of weight loss and rate of weight loss. The goal of most dieters is successful weight or fat loss while experiencing minimal negative side effects.
Very Low-calorie Diets
Very low-calorie diets, or VLCD, usually consist of about 800 calories per day and result in a significant rapid weight loss. Very low-calorie diets should only be used under the supervision of a medical professional. According to the Weight-control Information Network, patients following a very low-calorie diet may have side effects such as fatigue, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, gallstones and, commonly, eventual weight regain. Hair loss is another common side effect of losing a significant amount of weight in a short period of time.
Mediterranean Diet
The Mediterranean diet is a healthy eating plan that focuses on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, herbs, spices, olive oil and fish while limiting red meat and sweets. The effects of following a Mediterranean-style diet include a reduced risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality, according to the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Also, a reduced incidence of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases and cancer has been noted.
Low-carbohydrate Diets
Low-carbohydrate diets limit the amount of carbohydrates consumed and consist of higher amounts of protein, fats or both. Low-carbohydrate diets have historically been associated with successful weight loss when coupled with calorie reduction. However, according to the American Academy of Family Physicians, after six months low-carbohydrate diets are no more effective than other types of diets. The same source notes that side effects from consuming a low-carbohydrate diet include constipation, diarrhea, nausea, sleeping problems, headaches, dizziness and bad breath.
Special Conditions Diets
Diets have been created specifically for people with certain medical conditions. Examples of these include the Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes, or TLC, diet by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, which usually results in reduced cholesterol levels, and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, or DASH, diet that typically results in reduced blood pressure levels.
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