Citrus paradisii, or grapefruit, is a hybrid fruit of the sweet orange and the pummelo. It was discovered in the West Indies in the 1700s and was brought to Florida around the early 1800s. Although the origin of this fruit's common name is unknown, it is believed that it derives from its growth pattern resembling clusters of grapes. Some varieties of grapefruit are grown from September to June.
Description
This tangy citrus ranges in size from 4 to 6 inches and coloring includes pink, white, yellow or green but does not indicate ripeness; varieties include pink, ruby red, Flame, and Marsh White. Although the skin may contain blemishes or discoloration, the fruit inside is generally unaffected. Soft or darkened patches are signs that the fruit has surpassed its prime. Sometimes flattened in appearance on both ends, grapefruits that feel heavy for its size are the ripest. Store grapefruits in the refrigerator but avoid bags or containers to prevent mold growth.
Nutrition
At about 120 calories per fruit, grapefruit is packed with nutrients. One fruit contains the daily recommended amount of vitamin C. It also contains fiber, vitamin A, several of the B vitamins and the minerals potassium, calcium and magnesium. Grapefruit is also a good source of the micro-nutrient, lycopene.
Health Benefits
Packed with nutrients, grapefruit may help in the prevention of several health conditions and boost the immune system. The antioxidants, carotenoids and fiber in grapefruit may help reduce the risk of the common cold, certain cancers, obesity, the risk of developing kidney stones and lower cholesterol levels. A 2004 EurekAlert press release announced that as little as one half of a grapefruit a day may assist in weight loss by lowering levels of insulin. The study presented at the 2004 American Chemical Society symposium on citrus, involved 100 people eating at least one half grapefruit daily losing between 3.5 to 10 lbs.
Warning
Grapefruit and grapefruit juices are contraindicated with certain medications. Grapefruit may trigger specific digestive enzymes to malfunction causing too much of the medication to enter the blood stream which may result in toxicity. Medications for anxiety, depression, allergies, autoimmune disease, high blood pressure and cholesterol may be affected. Consult your qualified healthcare professional about your medications before consuming grapefruit or grapefruit products.
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