An elliptical trainer is a low-impact exercise machine that is common in both gyms and homes. Because of its decreased impact on the joints, an elliptical machine is gentler to the body than running. If you've never used an elliptical and are afraid to try it, familiarize yourself with how the machine works to increase your comfort level.
Components
Elliptical machines feature two large pedals that serve as the individual platforms for your feet. The drive system and your own leg power facilitate the movement of the pedals. Elliptical machines come in front-drive, rear-drive and center-drive models; front-drive and rear-drive are the most common. The pedals attach to the handles of the trainer and move back and forth as you rotate the pedals. Elliptical trainers feature a screen that allows you to monitor the workout, alter the settings and display information about your speed and distance.
Motion
The user places one foot on each pedal of the elliptical machine. Similar to bike pedals, elliptical pedals are positioned opposite each other; one will be in the up position when the other is down. The pedals move in an elliptical or elongated circular motion, similar to a running action. Your feet stay on the pedals the entire time, unlike treadmill running, which requires you to lift your feet each time. At the same time that you are pedaling, the handles move back and forth; if you hold the handles, you will work both arms and legs simultaneously.
Adjustments
The resistance on the elliptical machine affects the difficulty of the workout. The display panel allows you to increase or decrease the amount of resistance created by the machine. A higher resistance makes you work harder to keep the foot pedals moving. Some models offer programmed workouts that last for a specified amount of time and vary the resistance at different points in the workout. Elliptical machines also offer an incline option, to simulate training on hills and increase the intensity of the workout.
Effects
An elliptical machine workout is a form of aerobic exercise--you will burn calories while strengthening your lungs and heart. The addition of the arm movement makes it a more comprehensive workout that can also help tone your muscles. The pedals of the elliptical trainer can rotate backwards, allowing you to work different muscles in the legs.
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