Cholesterol plays an important role in overall health. Knowing your cholesterol levels can help determine your risk for heart disease. While low levels of total cholesterol is recommended for heart health, low levels of HDL cholesterol can be bad for the heart. It is important to identify and modify lifestyle factors that influence HDL cholesterol levels to help protect against heart attack and stroke.
Cholesterol
In the blood, cholesterol is carried to and from cells by lipoproteins. Low-density lipoproteins are associated with bad cholesterol. Also referred to as LDL, these lipoproteins cause cholesterol to build up in arteries and can increase your risk for heart disease and stroke. High-density lipoproteins, also known as HDL, help carry cholesterol away from the arteries and heart so it can be disposed of by the body. High HDL levels can help decrease blood cholesterol levels and reduce your risk of heart disease.
Recommendations
Cholesterol levels are determined by a blood test. A fasting lipid profile can be performed to help identify the amount of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins in the blood. It is recommended that HDL cholesterol levels remain at or above 60 mg/dL for adults. Levels below 40 mg/dL can greatly increase your risk for heart disease.
Increasing HDL
Lifestyle choices have the most impact on HDL cholesterol levels. Low levels can be caused by smoking, obesity and lack of physical activity. To help increase your HDL levels avoid smoking or areas where others are smoking. If overweight, losing just 5 to 10 pounds can help improve your cholesterol levels. Maintaining a healthy weight can help increase HDL cholesterol levels. In accordance with the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, aim to include a minimum of 150 minutes of physical activity each week, limit intake of saturated and trans fats and consume alcohol in moderation.
Medications
In addition to a healthy lifestyle, medications can be used to help improve cholesterol levels. Niacin, fibrates and statins can all be used to help lower LDL cholesterol levels in the blood while improving HDL cholesterol levels. These medications should all be used as directed under the supervision of a doctor.
