Hyaluronic acid is a chemical that is naturally found in the body, particularly in the joints. Sometimes the amount of this compound gets low, which can lead to health problems such as osteoarthritis. Hyaluronic acid supplements can be administered to correct this deficiency; it is typically administered as an injection, though it may also be taken orally or topically.
Hyaluronic Acid and Joints
The joints in your body naturally have a certain amount of fluid, known as synovial fluid, which contains hylauronic acid and other chemicals. This fluid works to both cushion and lubricate the joints, which helps keep the cartilage and bone in the joints from becoming damaged or wearing down. If the amount of hylauronic acid in your synovial fluid decreases, the fluid becomes thinner and does not work as well, Family Doctor explains, which can cause the bones in the joint to collide. This leads to osteoarthritis.
Hyaluronic Injections
The most common method of administering hylauronic acid is via injection into the affected joint. This technique, which is also called viscosupplementation, replaces some of the lost hylauronic acid, the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons explains. Hylauronic acid administration will help reduce bone-on-bone contact and may also reduce inflammation in affected joints. Hylauronic acid can also be injected for facial augmentation, a cosmetic procedure that reduces lines and wrinkles, the New Zealand Dermatological Society reports.
Other Forms
Hyaluronic acid can also be taken as an oral supplement, RxList.com explains. Some topical creams also contain hyaluronic acid, the University of Maryland Medical Center notes. The idea behind these supplements is that the acid may be able to prevent signs of premature aging, similar to its use for facial augmentation. Because hyaluronic acid is naturally viscous, it can help fill in and smooth out wrinkles and other blemishes in the skin. It is not clear, however, if these methods of administration are effective.
Effects and Safety
Hyaluronic acid can relieve pain in joints for six to eight months, though treatment often requires multiple injections and periodic "top-ups" to maintain this effect. Over time the hyaluronic acid is broken down, which limits its efficacy but also its potential side effects. There are some instances of people developing allergic reactions to hyaluronic acid, so contact your doctor if you develop a rash, swelling or thickened nodules around the injection site.
