Hypoglycemia, which is low blood sugar, is a condition common in people with diabetes. Blood sugar levels are regulated by insulin and glucagon, which are hormones secreted by the pancreas. Trauma or tumors of the pancreas can cause the organ to release too much insulin, which leads to hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia may also be caused by poor diet, alcohol abuse, and drugs such as anti-diabetic medications. Zinc improves immune functioning in diabetics.
Zinc and Hypoglycemia
Zinc is necessary for cellular metabolism, wound healing, protein synthesis, DNA synthesis and proper immune functioning. Zinc prevents low blood glucose levels by supporting metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats into glucose that can be utilized by the body. Natural sources of zinc include red meat, poultry, beans, nuts, crab, oysters, lobster, whole grains, fortified breads, and fortified breakfast cereals.
Zinc Admnistration and Side Effects
The recommended daily dietary intake of zinc is 11mg in males and 8mg in females. Zinc supplements are available for patients who have difficulties obtaining zinc from foods. Zinc tablets and capsules are available as zinc gluconate, zinc sulfate and zinc acetate. Zinc is also available in cold lozenges, nasal sprays and gels. Common side effects of zinc include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, loss of appetite, diarrhea and headaches. Patients should avoid high doses of zinc because they cause copper deficiency.
Hypoglycemia Symptoms and Treatment
Patients with hypoglycemia experience symptoms such as sweating, trembling, confusion, irritability, blurred vision, double vision, heart palpitations, anxiety, nervousness, hunger, headache, convulsions and loss of consciousness. Patients with a history of hypoglycemia should assess blood sugar levels regularly. Patients should also always carry about 15g of carbohydrate foods such as glucose tablets, candy, honey and syrup so as to treat hypoglycemia in emergency situations. Severe hypoglycemia is treated using glucose and glucagon injections.
Hypoglycemia Complications
Untreated hypoglycemia is a medical emergency that can lead to seizures, coma, brain damage and death. Patients at risk for hypoglycemia such as diabetic patients should check blood sugar levels regularly. Diabetics should also avoid taking too much insulin and diabetic medications because they can lower blood sugar to a dangerous level. Patients should also learn to recognize signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and always have a sugary drink or glucose tablets available for immediate treatment of hypoglycemia..
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