Acetyl L-carnitine is a modified form of the nonessential amino acid L-carnitine. Acetyl L-carnitine is thought to increase the amount of L-carnitine able to be absorbed by the body. L-carnitine shows potential to help offset metabolic disturbances associated with age and diseases, such as HIV and heart disease, and to improve physical performance.
About
L-carnitine is a derivative of the amino acid L-lysine. L-carnitine is involved in transport of fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production. The body is normally able to synthesize adequate amounts of L-carnitine thus deficiency is rare. Diseases of the kidney, liver or circulation or insulin resistance may interfere with the synthesis, reabsorption or transport of L-carnitine.
Use in Disease
Outside of treating diseases directly involved in the deficiency of L-carnitine, supplementation may be helpful in decreasing effects of diseases that disrupt your metabolism. Supplementation of L-carnitine has been shown useful for preventing chest pain in those with coronary artery disease. There is less evidence to support L-carnitine's use for post-heart attack care or heart failure. L-carnitine may also be useful for diabetic neuropathy and male reproductive issues.
Use in Fitness
L-carnitine is often marketed as a supplement to aid in weight loss or physical performance. Even though there is scientific evidence to support this use, no well-controlled clinical trials have demonstrated that L-carnitine itself can improve fitness. L-carnitine may be beneficial in reducing fat mass, increasing muscle mass and reducing fatigue in some individuals.
Supplementation
The Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University recommends that those choosing to supplement with L-carnitine take 500 to 1,000 mg per day of acetyl L-carnitine. L-carnitine has not been associated with any known toxicity or adverse effect. Only the L-isomer of carnitine is biologically active. Supplements containing the D-isomer should not be taken as they may interfere with the effects of L-carnitine. Acetyl L-carnitine may rarely increase the frequency of seizures in those with seizure disorders.
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