Problems Inside The Elbow From Baseball

Several elbow injuries are specific to baseball players. Injury occurs when repetitive throwing creates an excessively strong pull on the tendons and ligaments of the elbow, the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons says. It is often difficult to determine which structure inside the elbow is hurting, so consulting an orthopedic physician is crucial.

Little Leaguer's Elbow

This term is used generally to include an array of conditions in young baseball players. The weak link in a skeletally immature bone is the growth plate that can gradually become damaged. The main symptoms are diffuse elbow pain and locking of the joint. Continuing to throw with this condition may lead to major complications and jeopardize a child's ability to remain active in a sport that requires throwing. The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons suggests limiting a child to 200 pitches per week to decrease the risk.

Ulnar Collateral Ligament Sprain

Ulnar collateral ligament sprains or tears are extremely common in overhead athletes, according to Mark Dutton in "Orthopaedic Examination, Evaluation, and Intervention, 2nd Edition." For severe tears, surgical repair known as "Tommy John" surgery is the only option if the goal is to return to throwing. The symptoms of an ulnar collateral ligament sprain are pain on the inside of the elbow and an inability to throw.

Posterior Elbow Impingement

Posterior elbow impingement is a condition that includes any soft tissue or bone that becomes entrapped in the elbow joint. Dutton lists the greatest risk factor as ulnar collateral ligament insufficiency. The defining symptom of posterior elbow impingement is pain or clicking when straightening the elbow. Treatment options are surgical removal of the entrapped structure or range of motion exercises.

Lateral Epicondylitis

Also known as tennis elbow, lateral epicondylitis can be caused by repetitive throwing. The most common symptom is pain on the outside of the elbow or forearm, Dutton says. The pain is often associated with bending the wrist backward. A thrower would experience pain when releasing the baseball. Lateral epicondylitis responds well to rest and ice, but can also be treated with anti-inflammatory medicine, physical therapy and massage.