The more active a child is, the more likely they are to sustain a sports-related injury. With extensive stress placed on feet and bones that are still growing, young athletes are susceptible to a variety of foot injuries and pains. One common type of foot pain in youth athletes is heel pain, and the most common cause is a condition known as Sever's disease.
Sever's Disease
Sever's disease is a condition in the growth plate of a child's heel and causes an injury to the heel bone. The foot is one of the first body parts to grow to its full size. As a result of Sever's disease, the muscles and tendons surrounding the heel become tight. The heel becomes less flexible, and excessive pressure causes pain.
Risk Factors
A child is most at risk for Sever's disease during the early stages of puberty when they begin growth spurts. Active girls ages 8 to 10 and boys ages 10 to 12 are most susceptible, particularly if they participate in soccer, gymnastics or running. Sever's disease is rare in teenagers, especially if they have stopped growing.
Symptoms
Sever's disease can occur in one or both of a child's heels and frequently begins at the start of a new sports season or when a child begins participation in a new sport. Walking with a limp or complaining of increased pain while running and jumping are common symptoms. The child may also have a tendency to walk on tiptoes.
Diagnosis
Sever's disease is commonly diagnosed with a simple test, called the squeeze test. If squeezing toward the very back of the heel causes pain, Sever's disease is a good possibility for your child. A doctor may also order X-rays or other imaging tests to rule out any further conditions or injuries.
Treatment
Modified activity is the first step in reducing heel pain caused by Sever's disease. When a child does participate in athletics, applying ice to the affected heel for 20 minutes three times each day can help to cut down on the pain. Orthotics may help alleviate pain during sports participation for children with flat feet, bowed leg or high arches. Anti-inflammatory medications can also be used to alleviate pain. Stretching the hamstrings and calf muscles can also be beneficial, and your child's doctor may recommend physical therapy.
Considerations
Since Sever's disease usually occurs during a growth spurt, it is important to remember that pain control is the focus in treating this condition. When a child's growth spurt is over, it is very likely that the pain will resolve itself.
