Shortness of breath -- or dyspnea -- during exercise can be a scary feeling. Dyspnea is a common complaint and could be caused by a variety of conditions. Shortness of breath can occur in people of all ages and fitness levels. This condition could be the result of a variety of ailments ranging from minor to severe. If you experience shortness of breath, it is a good idea to make an appointment with your physician.
Asthma
Asthma causes your airways to narrow and swell. Your airways are also likely to produce extra mucus, which can make breathing difficult. For some people, asthma is minor and may rarely interfere with activities. For others, asthma may be exercise induced. Others may have severe asthma attacks that can be life-threatening. The symptoms of asthma include shortness of breath, tightness in the chest, wheezing, coughing or trouble sleeping. Asthma can be triggered by respiratory infections, physical activity, airborne allergens, air pollutants, stress and certain medications.
Heart Attacks
If you experience extreme shortness of breath accompanied by other symptoms, you may be experiencing a heart attack and should seek medical attention immediately. A heart attack occurs when a blood clot forms in the coronary artery, which is the blood vessel that carries blood throughout the heart. This clot blocks the flow of blood and can damage or destroy portions of your heart muscle. Heart attack symptoms may include pressure in your chest; pain in your shoulder, back, teeth, jaw or arm; shortness of breath; sweating; fainting; nausea; and vomiting. Symptoms of a heart attack in women may also include abdominal pain, clammy skin, dizziness and unexplained fatigue.
Poor Conditioning
One simple cause of shortness of breath while exercise is being out of shape. If you start an exercise program after being away from it for a long period of time or increase the intensity of your current exercise program, you may experience shortness of breath. It takes time for your body to become accustomed to a higher level of exertion. In order to prevent this type of shortness of breath, start out slowly. Over time, increase the intensity and duration of your exercise program. If you experience shortness of breath, take a break and cut down on your exercise program until you can complete it without shortness of breath. People who are obese are most likely to experience shortness of breath when beginning a new exercise program.
Other Causes
There are many reasons why you may experience shortness of breath while exercising. Shortness of breath may be the result of allergens in the air, a panic attack, general anxiety, a hiatal hernia or pneumonia. Bronchitis, emphysema, lung cancer, tuberculosis, heart failure, heart arrhythmia, a fractured rib, anemia, kidney failure, pregnancy and neuromuscular disorders may also lead to shortness of breath. It is important to exercise good judgment if you experience shortness of breath while exercising. Discontinue exercise and seek emergency care.
