The bodies of gymnasts take a beating from jumping, twisting and landing. All of these movements place stress and strain on the muscles and bones in the hip. According to the Journal of Dance Medicine & Science, performance and training demands on gymnasts are substantial and can leave a gymnast more vulnerable to injury. Dr. James Bragman adds that gymnasts have the highest injury rate of all athletes.
Labrum Tears
According to orthopedic surgeon Dr. Brian Kelly, tears to the labrum area of the hip are one of the most common injuries in the hip. Because of the flexibility and strength demands that gymnastics places on the hips, gymnasts are at a risk for this injury. Kelly says that prior injuries such as hip dysplaxia or dislocations place an athlete at a higher risk of injury. Pain when moving or rotating the hip and reduced range of motion are common symptoms of this injury according to Kelly. Surgery is often required for the treatment of labral injuries.
Hip Dislocations
According to Kelly, hip dislocations are known to occur during gymnastics. Kelly notes that dislocations can occur with contact injuries like falling on a flexed knee or with non-contact injuries such as running with sudden changes in pace or direction. Gymnasts are at risk in both scenarios and at an even greater risk to be injured during a fall. Kelly says that dislocations usually do not require surgery but instead rehab designed to restore strength and range of motion to the joint.
Stress Fractures
According to Bragman, stress fractures of the spine and pelvis are rare in gymnasts but, when they happen, they are very severe. A stress fracture in the pelvis and hip region can heal very slowly and sideline a gymnast for up to two years. Stress fractures are usually the result of slow and repeated injuries that are not allowed to heal. You should rest if you feel pain in the back and hips. Bragman advises consulting a doctor to perform a bone scan to rule out a stress fracture.
Bruises and Injuries
Gymnasts can repeatedly hit the pelvis and hips which can lead to severe bruising and internal bleeding. This is especially a risk on the uneven bars and pommel horse. Bragman says that you should ice the injuries until they are pain free and stay away from any contact activities until you feel no pain. Continuing to damage injuries can lead to internal bleeding, calcification of muscles and impaired internal organ function.
