Stomach acids that irritate your esophagus can cause heartburn. After you eat, food passes through an opening just before entering your stomach. This opening acts like a door, opening to let food pass into your stomach and then closing behind it. In some cases, this door doesn't close completely and allows stomach contents to reflux back into your esophagus. When this occurs, your esophagus becomes irritated and you experience heartburn. Certain foods can increase episodes of reflux, which causes heartburn. Because not everyone reacts to food in the same way, keeping a food journal may help you track problematic foods.
Foods to Avoid
You may need to pass on certain foods if they cause heartburn. Beverages that include caffeine, such as coffee, can make your heartburn worse, MedlinePlus says. Other caffeinated beverages to consider excluding are cola, chocolate, energy drinks and tea. Foods that contain tomato products, including pizza and spaghetti, can also increase heartburn. You should also avoid eating foods that contain mint, carbonated drinks and citrus fruits, such as oranges and lemons. Consider passing on alcohol as well.
Foods to Eat
When choosing foods, think healthy and low-fat. Eat skinless poultry, fish and lean pork or opt for meatless soy products. Dairy products can usually be tolerated in low-fat or fat-free varieties. Consider low-fat snacks such as baked chips or air-popped popcorn. Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables, and consume rice and pastas without fatty condiments. Do not overeat, and avoid lying down for at least two hours after a meal.
Lifestyle Considerations
Making a few changes in lifestyle along with diet might also improve your heartburn. If you smoke, quit. Certain medications can also worsen heartburn, such as ibuprofen, aspirin, sedatives and high blood pressure medicines. If you take any of these medications, talk with your doctor about possible alternatives. Also, because obesity can contribute to heartburn, discuss weight reduction with your doctor if you're overweight.
Warnings
Heartburn may be a symptom of a more serious condition, so talk with your doctor -- especially if you have frequent episodes. In addition, if you experience trouble or pain when you swallow, dizziness, shortness of breath, vomiting blood or have dark or bloody stools, report this to your doctor right away.
References
- FamilyDoctor.org: Heartburn: FamilyDoctor.org Editorial Staff; July 2010
- Medhelp: Foods to Avoid and Eating Behaviors for Acid Reflux
- Cleveland Clinic: GERD or Acid Reflux or Heartburn Overview
- MedlinePlus: Heartburn
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health: Heartburn, Health Information
