Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are two types of fats that can be found in some foods. Both fats are important for the function of the human body and can be used to help treat some health problems. However, consuming too much of either type of fatty acid can be harmful.
Essential Fatty Acids
Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are both known as "essential" fatty acids. As the Linus Pauling Institute explains, the human body does not have the enzymes needed to make omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which means that the only way for the body to get omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids is by getting them from the diet. Omega-6 fatty acids can be found in soybean, safflower and corn oils, as well as many nuts and seeds. Omega-3 fatty acids can be obtained by eating walnuts, fatty fish and flaxseed. Both types of fatty acids are important for the function of the brain as well as growth and development.
Uses
Both of these fatty acids may be useful in treating some diseases. One omega-6 fatty acid, known as gamma linoleic acid, or GLA, may be helpful for alleviating symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, allergies, menopause and premenstrual syndrome, the University of Maryland Medical Center explains. Omega-3 fatty acids, on the other hand, can be taken to improve your cholesterol levels, lower your blood pressure, prevent osteoporosis and treat depression.
Omega-6 and Heart Disease
There is some controversy regarding the link between omega-6 fatty acids and heart disease. According to MayoClinic.com, some believe that omega-6 fatty acids can cause the walls of the arteries to swell, increasing your risk of a heart attack or stroke. MayoClinic.com also reports that the American Heart Association has refuted these claims and recommends that you get between 5 and 10 percent of your daily caloric intake from omega-6 fatty acids, which is consistent with most people's diets.
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Limit
Although omega-3 fatty acid supplements such as flaxseed oil and fish oil are generally safe, it is key to not take too much of these fatty acids. This is because omega-3 fatty acids can interfere with the clumping ability of platelets; impaired platelet clumping can increase your risk of bruising or bleeding easily. The University of Maryland Medical Center recommends that you take less than 3 g of omega-3 fatty acid supplements each day, and you may need to lower your dose further if you are taking blood thinners.
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