Probiotics are a type of supplement that contains live bacterial cultures, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus. The human body contains a variety of "healthy" bacteria that help the immune system to protect the body against pathogenic, or infection-causing, bacteria. Certain health conditions, including diarrhea and vaginal infections, are believed to occur when not enough healthy bacteria are present in the body. For this reason, taking probiotic supplements, such as acidophilus, may help reduce symptoms associated with these conditions. Additional research is needed, however, to support the purported health benefits of probiotics. Before taking a probiotic supplement, talk with your doctor, because treatment with probiotics is not appropriate for everyone.
Weakened Immune System
People who have weak immune systems should not take probiotics. A weak immune system may occur due to an autoimmune disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus, or treatment with chemotherapy or immunosuppressive drugs. Reduced immune-system function limits your body's ability to fight off infection. Consequently, people with weakened immune systems who take probiotics may be at risk of developing severe infections.
Artificial Heart Valve
Do not take acidophilus or any other type of probiotic if you have an artificial heart valve. The improper use of probiotics may result in a rare but serious bacterial heart infection.
Short Bowel Syndrome
Avoid taking probiotics if you have short bowel syndrome, a condition characterized by missing or surgically removed portions of the small intestine. A shortened bowel may be more susceptible to bacterial overgrowth, which can result in chronic diarrhea, poor nutrient absorption or further intestinal damage.
Other Warnings and Considerations
The safety of probiotic treatment during pregnancy has not been established. For this reason, women who are pregnant or lactating should not use probiotic supplements unless otherwise instructed by a medical professional. Mild side effects, including gas, bloating and diarrhea, may occur following treatment with acidophilus or other probiotic supplements. The amount and method of administration for probiotic supplements vary depending on your age and health condition. For personalized dosage and treatment recommendations, consult your doctor.
References
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine: An Introduction to Probiotics; January 2007
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Lactobacillus Acidophilus; Steven D. Ehrlich; June 22, 2009
- MayoClinic.com: Probiotics: Important for a Healthy Diet?; Katherine Zeratsky; April 17, 2010
- MayoClinic.com: Lactobacillus Acidophilus: December 1, 2010
- The Internet Drug Index: Lactobacillus Effectiveness, Safety, and Drug Interactions
- PubMed Health: Short Bowel Syndrome; David Dugdale; May 4, 2010
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