For most people, effectiveness is one of the most important factors in deciding which form of birth control to use. Although the only method of birth control that is 100 percent effective is abstinence, other forms of birth control can be highly effective at preventing pregnancy as well.
Sterilization
Female sterilization is done by a process called a tubal ligation. This involves closing the woman's fallopian tubes to prevent eggs from reaching the uterus. Tubal ligation has a failure rate of less than 1 percent and is permanent. Male sterilization is done by a procedure called a vasectomy, which closes the man's sperm ducts so sperm can't get through. It also has a failure rate of less than 1 percent. Although a vasectomy is meant to be permanent, it could potentially be reversed with another surgery.
Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are placed in a woman's uterus by a doctor to prevent pregnancy. There are two different types of IUDs. Copper IUDs have a less than 1 percent failure rate, while progesterone IUDs have a failure rate of about 2 percent. IUDs can remain effective for approximately five to 10 years, depending upon the type, but can be removed sooner than that if a couple decides they would like to become pregnant.
Hormonal Shots
Hormonal shots are effective at preventing pregnancy, and typically have a less than 1 percent failure rate. Some hormonal shots can be effective for up to three months, while others only prevent pregnancy for one month at a time.
Birth Control Pills
Birth Control Pills have an average failure rate of about 5 to 8 percent, but about a 1 to 2 percent failure rate when used perfectly. Perfect use includes taking the pill at the exact same time each and every day. If even one pill is missed or taken late, the effectiveness is reduced.
Birth Control Patch
The birth control patch has a failure rate of about 8 percent with average use, but a 1 to 2 percent with perfect use. Perfect use of the patch includes replacing the patch on time each week and ensuring the patch remains adequately adhered to the skin. However, the patch is not as effective for women that weigh over 198 lbs., therefore women over this weight should consider other options.
Contraceptive Ring
The ring has a failure rate of about 8 percent with average use, but a 1 to 2 percent when used correctly. Perfect use of the ring includes ensuring the ring remains inside of the vagina. If the ring is outside of the vagina for more than three hours, the effectiveness is reduced.
Condoms
Male condoms have about an 11 to 15 percent failure rate, while female condoms have a failure rate of around 21 percent. Although condoms are not as effective at preventing pregnancy as hormonal or surgical options, they offer the most protection against sexually transmitted diseases, according to FamilyDoctor.org.
