Calcium is an important mineral in the maintenance of cellular and bone health. The body typically regulates calcium levels within the bloodstream to remain between 9 to 10.6 mg/dL. Unfortunately, certain diseases, medications, and excessive supplementation can cause hypercalcemia or excessive amounts of calcium inside the bloodstream.
Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia is characterized by an abnormally high concentration of calcium found within the bloodstream. Diseases such as cancer and hyperparathyroidism have been associated with the development of hypercalcemia. In addition, medications including thiazide diuretics and excessive use of calcium supplements can cause elevated calcium levels.
Symptoms of Hypercalcemia
Since calcium is involved in the contraction of muscles, hypercalcemia may cause symptoms of muscle pain and weakness. In addition, hypercalcemia can cause fatigue, constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, loss of appetite and excessive thirst and urination. If left untreated, hypercalcemia can lead to complications that damage tissues and vital organs.
Complications of Hypercalcemia
Severe cases of hypercalcemia can cause calcium deposits to develop in tissues and vital organs. High calcium levels can lead to the development of kidney stones and renal failure. Hypercalcemia can also cause dysfunction of the nervous system and life-threatening changes in heart rhythm. Hypercalcemia should be treated by a trained medical professional.
Treatment of Hypercalcemia
Treatment of hypercalcemia may include medications such as loop diuretics that can assist in flushing excess calcium from your body. In most cases, treatment involves the management of diseases that may be responsible for causing hypercalcemia, such as renal disease, hyperparathyroidism and cancer. Patients should speak with a physician about high calcium levels and the appropriate treatment.
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