5-hydroxytryptophan, also known as 5-HTP is a chemical the body produces from tryptophan. Tryptophan is a non-essential amino acid found in meats and dairy. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is a non-essential amino acid that acts as a neurotransmittor in the brain. Both of these chemicals behave differently in the brain.
5-HTP
5-HTP is not a food derivative. Tryptophan is converted by the body to 5-HTP and then to the chemical serotonin. Serotonin can effect mood, sleep and sexual function. Several antidepressant medications including Zoloft and Prozac are believed to treat depression by increasing the availability of serotonin in the brain. Increased serotonin is thought to decrease appetite and produce feelings of well-being.
GABA
GABA is produced by the body with the assistance of vitamin B-6 and is found abundantly throughout the brain. It is the main inhibitory chemical in the central nervous system. In the brain, GABA prevents cells from over firing. These actions can provide a calming effect and prevent hyperactivity. GABA deficiencies can arise in the absence of sufficient B-6.
Differences
Because 5-HTP converts to serotonin and serotonin regulates mood and appetite, 5-HTP may be beneficial for appetite control and mood enhancement. GABA on the other hand may be beneficial for anxiety due to its calming effect on the central nervous system. It may also benefit the treatment of insomnia.
Warnings
5-HTP may have side effects including gas, heartburn and nausea. It might also interact with antidepressant medications. In high doses GABA can aggravate symptoms of anxiety and agitation. The U.S Food and Drug Administration recognizes 5-HTP and GABA as generally safe, but ask your doctor before you supplement GABA or 5-HTP.
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