The poliovirus refers to a contagious virus that lives only in humans, according to the Mayo Clinic. It is easily passed among people if they encounter infected mucus, sputum (mucus) or feces. Medline Plus states that this virus can enter the nose and mouth and replicate in the intestines and throat. The virus then wreaks havoc on the body as it spreads to the blood and organs.
General Infection
General symptoms may occur shortly following contact with the poliovirus. These symptoms include headache, vomiting, a sore or red throat, fever and fatigue. Medline Plus states that 95 percent of people who contract the poliovirus develop these general symptoms.
Nonparalytic Polio
Some people develop nonparalytic polio, also called abortive poliomyelitis after the poliovirus multiplies in the body. According to the Mayo Clinic, this specific type of infection does not lead to paralysis. Common symptoms include fever, sore throat, muscle spasms, meningitis (brain infection) and back or neck pain. These symptoms usually last two to 10 days.
Paralytic Polio
Poliovirus can also lead to paralysis if it is the strain that leads to paralytic polio. According to Medline Plus, symptoms include fever, muscle pain, sudden unilateral muscle weakness, paralysis, stiffness in the neck and back, and trouble swallowing. Trouble breathing, stomach bloating, constipation and sensitivity to touch are other poliovirus side effects. The Mayo Clinic states that less than 1 percent of people with poliovirus get this form of polio.
Post-polio Syndrome
The Mayo Clinic states that patients can still suffer from the ill effects of the poliovirus even after they recover from polio. This is called post-polio syndrome, and its symptoms include fatigue, muscle atrophy, breathing problems and muscle or joint weakness. Sleep apnea (temporary cessation of breathing while sleeping) and intolerance to cold temperatures are other side effects of the poliovirus.
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