What Do Elliptical Machines Do?

Cardiovascular exercise improves your health by increasing your heart rate and burning calories. The more calories you burn, the faster you reach your weight loss goal. There are numerous machines to choose from on the gym floor, but one machine, in particular, is a great addition to your cardiovascular program. In just 20 minutes, you can burn more calories and move your body in a different way than you would if you merely used the treadmill or stationary bike.

The Basics

An elliptical machine is a form of cardiovascular equipment found in commercial and home gyms. It combines the motions of the treadmill, StairMaster, bike, and ski machine to burn calories. It's a low-impact form of exercise and accommodates a variety of fitness levels. Athletes use ellipticals to cross-train for sports. Physical therapists also use ellipticals to assist patients in rehabilitation from injury.

Cardiovascular Workout

Inactivity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular exercise improves heart health by raising the heart rate above resting levels. The elliptical machine strengthens the heart and raises heart rate, increasing movement of the legs and arms with the pedals and arm ergometer. You can pedal faster to increase your heart rate and work within your target heart rate zone. Sensors on some elliptical machines allow you to monitor your heart rate during exercise to determine if you're working in your target heart rate range.

Lower Body Workout

The elliptical machine provides your lower body with a workout. You have to use your legs to push the pedals forward and maintain a certain speed. Increasing the incline on an elliptical simulates exercise on a hill and targets the hips, thighs and glutes. You can further increase your lower body workout by increasing the resistance on the machine, making it harder to pedal. Alternate between pedaling forward and backward on the elliptical to work the legs equally. This type of cardiovascular exercise is a great addition to your lower body strength training routine.

Rehabilitation

Following knee surgery, patients can progress to using the elliptical for exercise. The elliptical is considered advanced following knee surgery, but its use will prepare you for a return to the treadmill or running outside. When using the elliptical for rehabilitation, start with zero incline and resistance, then build up your lower body strength. Be sure to get clearance from your physician before using an elliptical to prevent injury and/or delay rehabilitation.