Cyanocobalamin is a form of Vitamin B-12 found mostly in meat and dairy. It is available in several supplement forms including tablet and sublingual. Sublingual B-12 is dissolved under the tongue. Most people obtain sufficient B-12 from their diet, but vegetarians and vegans may benefit from supplementation, since their meat intake is restricted.
Function
Cyanocobalamin is necessary to produce healthy red blood cells and DNA . It is a co-factor in producing thyroid hormones and helps the body produce energy. Sublingual cyanocobalamin B-12 supplements are held under the tongue for direct bloodstream entry. This is thought of as superior to tablets requiring digestion through the stomach and intestines, since tablets can be destroyed during digestion, decreasing absorption.
Deficiencies
Intrinsic factor is a substance produced in the digestive system, necessary for B-12 absorption. Pernicious anemia is a condition where intrinsic factor is missing, causing a B-12 deficiency. This deficiency causes abnormally large blood cells that malfunction. Sublingual cyanocobalamin B-12 may be of benefit in the absence of intrinsic factor. Chronic alcohol use can damage the intestines absorption ability, in this case, sublingual cyanocobalamin B-12 can help.
Side Effects
Sublingual cyanocobalamin B-12 can have side effects in high doses. These include stomach pain, nausea, loose stool, diarrhea and dark yellow urine. B-12 is water soluble; the body excretes excess through urine. B-12 is considered non-toxic, even in high doses. According to The National Institutes of Health, B-12 is likely safe.
Considerations
Cyanocobalamin is converted to methylcobalamin, a more active form of B-12. Methylcobalamin B-12 sublingual supplements are available over the counter. Consult with your doctor before using B-12 supplements.
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