Frequent episodes of acid reflux indicate gastroesophageal reflux disease, known as GERD. Acid reflux usually occurs after eating and results in heartburn, a burning feeling in the chest and throat. You may also experience a bitter or sour taste in the back of your mouth from stomach acid backup. Antacids provide quick relief and acid-reducing medication helps prevent symptoms. A proper diet can reduce acid reflux and may prevent GERD symptoms over the long term when practiced regularly.
Weakened Muscle
GERD may occur due to a weakened muscle in the esophagus called the lower esophageal sphincter, according to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. The muscle relaxes and does not work properly as food enters the stomach. It normally closes to protect the esophagus from stomach acid backup. A relaxed muscle does not shut tightly and allows the acidic contents to rise back up into the esophagus, causing acid reflux. A hiatal hernia may cause GERD by weakening muscle tissue in the upper part of the stomach, moving the stomach and esophageal sphincter above the diaphragm. Obesity, smoking and pregnancy may also contribute to GERD.
Offending Foods
Foods that trigger GERD symptoms include fatty, fried or spicy foods, garlic, onions, tomato-based foods, citrus fruits, chocolate, mint flavorings, caffeinated drinks, carbonated beverages and alcohol. However, people have different triggers. If you have a difficult time finding out what causes your acid reflux, keep a food diary for a week. Write down the foods you eat and the symptoms you experience to help eliminate offending foods from your diet.
Reduce Fat
Heavy meals and high-fat intake can slow digestion, making the stomach secrete more acid. This increases the risk of acid reflux. Eat frequent smaller meals instead of three large meals during the day. Choose lean meat, chicken or turkey without skin, fish and low-fat or nonfat dairy products to reduce fat intake. Snack on fruits and nuts for between-meal snacks and choose low-fat or fat-free snack and dessert products. Eat at least 2 to 3 hours before lying down or sleeping to allow for digestion and avoid stomach acid backup. Practicing a regular diet of low-fat foods also helps maintain a healthy weight. Extra pounds can put pressure on the abdomen, pushing up the stomach to increase symptoms.
Fiber Foods
Eating foods rich in fiber aids digestion to avoid excess stomach acid production and backup. Eat plenty of fruit, vegetables and whole grains. However, avoid citrus fruit, such as oranges and grapefruit, and tomatoes, which may increase symptoms from their acidic content. Avoid fried or creamy vegetables as well as onions, garlic or other items that you find cause symptoms. Whole grains, including bread, pasta, cereal, oatmeal, brown rice and barley, have a thick texture during digestion that may help absorb excess acid in the stomach.
