There are many forms of cholesterol in the body, but the two that affect heart health the most are HDL and LDL. Usually called "good" and "bad" cholesterol respectively, these two substances can have a serious impact on your risk for stroke, heart disease, heart attack and other ailments. Therefore, knowing what is considered normal or optimal lab values for LDL and HDL can be very helpful, since you can use these to set a target for your cholesterol levels.
Cholesterol in Your Body
Cholesterol is a steroid metabolite, a substance that all of us need to survive. Resembling wax in texture and consistency, it circulates throughout your body via your bloodstream. It fulfills various functions, such as maintaining cell membranes, aiding in the production of hormones and vitamin D, helping to form new nerve connections or synapses, and creating the myelin sheaths that protect transmission of nerve impulses. Though it is essential for your body's proper function, too much cholesterol can be unhealthy. Your total cholesterol level should not exceed 200 milligrams per deciliter, since a higher amount will put you at risk for heart disease.
LDL Cholesterol
Low-density lipoproteins are the type of cholesterol that can accumulate as collections of plaque along the interior of your arteries. This plaque, which can cause serious health problems such as atherosclerosis, is the main reason why LDL is usually called "bad cholesterol." As your arteries narrow, less blood flows through them, leading to a potential heart attack or stroke. Lab values considered "normal" for LDL are anything less than 100 mg/dL, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention note. However, if you have a heart or blood vessel disease, or a high risk of heart disease, your target LDL level should be less than 70 mg/dL.
HDL Cholesterol
In contrast to LDL, high-density lipoproteins, or HDL are called the "good cholesterol." These lipoproteins can cut your risk of stroke and heart disease by absorbing excess cholesterol and carrying it back to your liver, where it can then be safely flushed from the body. With HDL, higher amounts are better for your health. The normal lab value for HDL is anywhere above 60 mg/dL, according to the American Heart Association. Try to maintain this level to reduce your risk of heart disease. HDL amounts below 40 mg/dL in women and below 50 mg/dL in women are considered unhealthy levels.
Measuring Your LDL and HDL
Starting at age 20, you should try to get your cholesterol levels checked at least once every five years, Cleveland Clinic recommends. This involves taking a blood sample and testing it in order to see your lipoprotein profile. Done properly, a cholesterol check will reveal your total cholesterol level as well as the amount of LDL, HDL and triglycerides in your body. Make sure to refrain from consuming any foods, liquids or pills for nine to 12 hours before undergoing a blood test.
