Regardless of the type of emergency, it's always a good idea to be prepared. Some areas are prone to hurricanes, while others have to deal with tornadoes, floods, fires or some other emergency that blankets a large area. Start by contacting local emergency management personnel (see Resources) and the American Red Cross to find out the specific items and plans needed in your area. Make sure everyone in your family knows what to do in an emergency.
Written Plan
Hold an annual family meeting to go over what to do in the event of an emergency. Choose the safest location in the home for hunkering down, based on the types of emergencies most likely to happen. The Red Cross recommends having at least two escape routes and keeping all walkways clear for emergency personnel. Have emergency phone numbers posted in a location that is easy to find. Teach all children in the family when and how to contact emergency personnel. Have family members' phone numbers and contact information readily available. Choose a location outside the home that will serve as a checkpoint in case of an emergency evacuation. Have all records of essential accounts and other documents in fireproof and waterproof containers.
Emergency Kit
Although each emergency may require something different or additional supplies, there are some items that are needed for basic human needs. Have enough items for at least one full day, but three days' worth of supplies is better. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) recommends a fully stocked first aid kit, enough water for each person, portable radio with batteries, medications, nonperishable food, a can opener, pet food, pet supplies, clothing, plastic bags, soap, shampoo, feminine products, toilet paper and cash. Other items that should be on the list include shoes, candles, matches, knives, tents, sleeping bags, paper plates, cups, paper towels, aluminum foil, charcoal, portable grill or camping stove, shovel, broom, took kit and heavy duty tape.
Car Ready
The family car needs to be ready for emergencies at all times because evacuation may be necessary, according to FEMA. Maintain it by changing the oil, keeping the tires in good shape and having the car checked by a certified auto mechanic. When the gas tank gets below half a tank fill it up. The trunk should have essentials, such as tools, a spare tire, a jack and jumper cables. Have your mechanic check the battery, fluid levels, windshield wipers and fluid, ignition, lights, exhaust, brakes and defroster.
Additional Items
FEMA also recommends getting to know your neighbors and establishing some form of accountability. Exchange phone numbers with people who live on either side of you. Have a list of emergency shelters, including addresses and phone numbers. Make arrangements for pets if they would be unable to stay in a shelter with you. Have identification and a list of your physicians and medications on you at all times.
