The Mayo Clinic defines hemorrhoids as inflamed veins in the anus and lower rectum. Hemorrhoids are often caused by straining during difficult bowel movements, chronic diarrhea, chronic constipation or the pressure caused by a baby during pregnancy. Once a hemorrhoid or hemorrhoids occur, over-the-counter treatment can be very effective, the clinic reports. When possible, the clinic advises that preventative methods should also be implemented to reduce the recurrence of hemorrhoid inflammation.
Relieve Pain
An over-the-counter (OTC) pain reliever like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can be effective in reducing pain caused by the inflammation of the hemorrhoid, the Mayo Clinic advises. It will not do anything to prevent or cure the hemorrhoid itself. Hydrocortisone cream or commercial hemorrhoid creams or ointments can also be applied to minimize the pain experienced at the site of the swollen vein. Other topical numbing agents that are approved for external skin use can be applied to the area. Commercial products can be purchased in suppository form to treat internal hemorrhoids.
Reduce Swelling
Once a hemorrhoid develops it is likely to reappear even after the symptoms vanish. Once the vein has returned to normal size and is no longer inflamed, preventative measures can be taken to prevent a reccurrence, according to Jackson Siegelbaum Gastroenterology's website. Inflammation and swelling can be treated with Epsom salts or oatmeal in a warm bath. Ice packs or cold compresses should be applied to the swollen area to reduce the inflammation. Other ways to reduce the swelling include staying off your feet and/or treating the cause of the diarrhea or constipation if it is to blame for the hemorrhoid.
Other Symptom Treatments
Hemorrhoids can be itchy and bleed. A commercial hemorrhoid pad or witch hazel can be applied to the area throughout the day or after each bowel movement to reduce itching, the Mayo Clinic suggests. Wet towelettes or personal cleansing cloths are less likely to irritate the tissues and can promote hygiene while the rectal area is sore. It may be helpful to put a small amount of petroleum jelly inside the rectum to help pass stools while the hemorrhoid is inflamed.
To treat irritation at the site of the hemorrhoid individuals may purchase talcum powder and mild soap. The talcum powder can ensure the area stays dry and the mild soap is less likely to aggravate the already sensitive tissues. Blotting the area after a bowel movement is better than wiping or rubbing.
Prevention
Preventative measures may take longer to reduce the symptoms of hemorrhoids, but they can still provide relief within a few days, the Mayo Clinic reports. Increase fluid and fiber intake. Participate in physical activity, like walking, to get the digestive system going. Keep the pressure off the rectal area when standing, lifting or sitting.
