The Recommended dietary allowance, or RDA, of calcium for adults is 1,000 mg per day. Calcium is a mineral that is abundantly found throughout your body and is consumed through many of the foods you eat on a regular basis, including milk, cheese, yogurt, orange juice, salmon and spinach. Calcium can also be found in the form of a supplement. Despite the health benefits of calcium, too much calcium can be a bad thing. This condition is known as hypercalcemia.
Benefits of Calcium
Calcium is an important part of a diet for both children and adults. Calcium helps form strong, healthy bones and helps maintain your bone health as you age -- including decreasing your risk of developing osteoporosis. Calcium is also used for proper nervous system and brand function. Calcium is also used by your muscles to contract and plays a vital role in the release of hormones throughout your body.
Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia occurs as the result of too much calcium in your bloodstream. High levels of calcium in your body can interfere with the functions of your hormones, muscles, nerves and brain. Hypercalcemia can occur as the result of an overactive parathyroid gland, which helps regulate calcium in your body. This condition commonly occurs in post-menopausal women. Hypercalcemia can also be caused by overusing calcium and vitamin D supplements. Other causes of hypercalcemia include cancer, medical disorders and prescription medications.
Symptoms
Hypercalcemia can have a variety of effects on your body. You may experience some or all of the symptoms related to hypercalcemia. Symptoms include loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting. You may also experience frequent thirst accompanied by frequent urination or constipation. Those with hypercalcemia may also experience stomach, muscle and joint pain. Hypercalcemia can affect brain function, which may result in confusion, fatigue and lethargy.
Diagnosis
Due to the variety of symptoms, you may not even know you have hypercalcemia unless you have a blood test. Hypercalcemia is often discovered as the result of routine blood work. If blood tests reveal high levels of calcium in your bloodstream, your doctor may order further testing to determine the cause of hypercalcemia. Tests include imaging studies -- chest x-rays, CT scans, MRIs and mammography. These tests can help rule out cancers or malignancies that may be causing hypercalcemia.
Treatment
The treatment of hypercalcemia depends on how elevated your calcium levels are. If you have extremely high levels, hospitalization may be required to protect the health of your kidneys and bones. IV fluids may be used to rehydrate you. Diuretics and other medications may flush your system of calcium. As a last resort, hemodialysis may be used. Once your calcium levels are under control, further treatment depends on the underlying cause of your condition. This can include treatment for thyroid conditions or cancer. Your doctor may also advise against the use of calcium supplements and regulate your diet.
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