If you have lung problems, you may benefit from regular exercise. Sometimes, however, vigorous exercise, such as running, makes breathing difficult. This difficulty may range from a slight shortness of breath and coughing to a complete inability to breathe. If you are having severe difficulty breathing along with chest pain or any other symptoms that worry you, seek emergency help.
Exercise-Induced Asthma
If you have asthma, you may already know that exercise can exacerbate symptoms. If you don't have the lung disease, however, difficulty breathing can still mean that you have exercise-induced asthma, or EIA. Symptoms of EIA come on only when you exercise, and they are more common if the air is cold and dry or dirty. These symptoms include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, a sore throat and tightness or pain in your chest. Your doctor may give you prescription medications to ward off attacks.
Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis
In rare cases, exercise, especially when preceded by eating foods that you are sensitive to, may cause anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that may cause death if not treated quickly. Respiratory symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath and chest pain. You may also notice itching in your throat, difficulty swallowing, dizziness, hives, nausea and vomiting. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening emergency and must be treated with medication, which may include adrenalin, steroids and antihistamines.
Hyperventilation
Hyperventilation, also called overbreathing, may occur if you are running or doing other intense exercises. It can also sometimes occur if you are having an anxiety attack. Symptoms include rapid breathing, numbness in the fingers and around your mouth, dizziness, confusion and heart palpitations. If you experience hyperventilation at rest or owing to stress, taking up an exercise like running may help alleviate your symptoms. Talk to your physician about this possibility.
Indications for Care
Depending on how severe your symptoms are, you should seek emergency care or make an appointment with your doctor if you are having trouble breathing. Occasional shortness of breath that resolves with rest warrants a regular appointment as soon as feasible; severe wheezing warrants a trip to the emergency room or even calling 911. Your doctor may refer you to a pulmonologist, allergist or other specialist who can diagnose and treat your breathing problem.
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