Perthes disease is a childhood condition that affects the top of the thigh bone, or femoral head, where it fits into the hip bone. Essentially, this condition causes the femoral head to be soft, which causes it to break down. The condition is usually not permanent and specific exercises can help ensure a full recovery and natural range of movement.
Causes of Perthes Disease
This condition was first described in 1910 by three doctors; in recognition of each of them, it is sometimes known as Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease. It is caused by a temporary lack of blood supply to the femoral head, which means this area doesn't get enough nutrients to generate strong, healthy bone. As a result, the bone becomes soft and weak and breaks down. However, the blood vessels usually regrow over several months and the bone can start to regenerate, much as it does after a bone fracture. The main concern is ensuring the bone regrows to form a spherical femoral head to ensure it moves smoothly within the hip socket -- and that's where exercises can help.
Symptoms and Treatment
Perthes disease is usually diagnosed between the ages of 2 and 12. The first signs of the condition are a limp and/or pain in the hip or knee. The first stage of treatment is usually to reduce the swelling in the hip joint, and any pain this causes. The next step is to help restore range of movement, so your child can eventually walk without a limp and without any pain or discomfort. Always discuss your child's treatment plan with a doctor to ensure it best meets his needs.
Hip Abduction Exercise
For this exercise, ask your child to lie on her back with her knees bent and pointing up towards the ceiling, and her feet flat on the ground. Place your hands on your child's knees and help her a little as she takes her knees out to the sides and back together again.
Hip Rotation Exercise
Your child should lie on his back for this exercise too, but this time, with his legs straight out along the floor, says the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons website. Place you hand on one thigh and gently roll the whole leg inwards and then outwards. Repeat on the other leg if necessary.
