Using a fly rod usually isn't associated with targeting so-called "rough" fish like carp. However, fly fishing for carp with light gear can be very effective. Fishing with fly rods also gives you the thrill of the stalk -- targeting individual carp as they swim at the surface. Fly anglers usually carry less equipment, so you feel less cumbersome and tethered to the bank than when coarse fishing.
Equipment
Fly fishing for carp requires much lighter tackle than the associated boxes, baits and hooks needed for coarse angling. In water that is relatively free of reeds and lily pads, a number 4 rod and reel combo is enough, according to Richard J. Huggett, writing on Complete Fisher. However, in weedy areas, a number 8 offers more rigidity to pull free of any snags and handle large carp running for the vegetation. Fly rods work with a specialist fly reel and line. Fly rods bend easily, meaning you can use lighter line. For example, a 9-foot leader attached to a 6-lb. tip is usually enough.
Flies
As with fly fishing for trout and salmon, the flies used in carp fishing should mimic the fish's natural prey, such as hair-tied flies that look like water insect larvae or small flies common to the area. Small, puffy flies may look like pellets of bread or the seed pods of local trees. When using carp pellets to attract the fish, try a hook with a small piece of polystyrene colored and sized the same as the pellets. Julian Young from CarpNet also suggests trying bloodworms, hare's ears, pheasant tail nymphs, and olive nymph flies.
Technique
Using a fly rod for carp involves one of two methods: blind or sight casting. Sight casting involves stalking fish from the riverbank, quietly waiting for a large carp to show, then aiming your cast just beyond its nose. However, carp often swim in brackish water where it's hard to track fish. In these cases, blind casting means simply aiming your fly to areas where you believe carp might swim. Casting near surface swirls or near overhanging trees often increases the chances of a catch. Ground baiting an area with crumbs or powder bait also helps attract carp.
Considerations
Large carp usually spook easily. When stalking, move up the bank low against the horizon. If possible, come from the opposite side to the sun to avoid casting a shadow on the water. Carp don't have huge mouths like bass or salmon, so size 12 flies are usually big enough. Carp also don't speed up for a huge take. They're more likely to bite anything that's a foot or so from their head and move off slowly at first. Strike firmly but softly to set the hook.
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