As medical technology advances, lifespans are increasing. But that means the average person's likelihood of developing diseases of aging is also growing. Some purported life extension techniques, such as caloric restriction, carry the promise of living longer while staying healthy. But all of the mainstream medical techniques known to extend life--such as advanced heart surgery and modern treatments for cancer--leave the survivor prone to other disorders that accompany old age.
Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's occurs most often in those ages 65 and older and is the most frequent cause of dementia. The progressive, fatal disease gradually robs sufferers of the ability to remember, learn, think and function. Several medications are approved to alleviate Alzheimer's symptoms, but as of late 2009 there is no cure and no known way to stop the course of the disease. Researchers also have yet to find a way to prevent the disorder.
Hip Fracture
Hip fractures are a problem primarily affecting people in their 60s and above, particularly women, and they are most commonly caused by falls. Recovery from hip fractures can lead to overall health problems in elderly people because of the time they end up spending in bed--time that can lead to complications such as bed sores and pneumonia. Hip fracture patients may require a metal plate to hold the bones in place or replacement with a prosthetic hip.
Hearing Loss
About 43 percent of people over age 65 suffer from some degree of hearing loss, according to the National Academy on an Aging Society. Aging itself is a primary risk factor, as are occupational exposure to loud sounds, family history, heart disease and certain medications. Treatments include hearing aids, discontinuation of certain medications and making nutritional adjustments such as getting more folic acid.
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is, in essence, weakened bones, leading to high risk of fractures.The chance of developing osteoporosis, which is more common in women than in men, rises with age. To treat the condition, doctors prescribe calcium-rich diets, calcium supplements, medications and hormone-replacement therapy. To help prevent osteoporosis, be sure to get adequate calcium and vitamin D and to exercise regularly.
Heart Failure
Heart failure means exactly what its name suggests: The heart does not work well. It can no longer adequately pump blood through the body's veins and arteries. The weakening is often a complication of coronary artery disease and heart attack, and it frequently relates to advancing age, according to UPMC, a health system affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences. Treatment focuses on alleviating the underlying cause, such as heart disease, and on preventing the disease from progressing. Doctors frequently prescribe a combination of medications and lifestyle modifications, such as losing weight and stopping smoking.
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