Bicycle frames are the most expensive component on a bicycle. The materials used to make these frames, and the design used to determine the best weight and construction of the bicycle, can be very expensive to research and design. For that reason, your bike frame is an investment that you need to protect. Prevention is key to extending the life of your bike frame.
Frame Rust
Rust is the most dangerous threat to any metal part of the bicycle, and the frame is no different. Frame rust is more common than rust on other parts of the bike because other parts are in motion and can grind up against one another. Rusting occurs when corrosive elements like those found in water -- salt, for example -- come in contact with exposed metals. These combine with oxygen to corrode the metal, slowly eating away at the metal. This can force you to replace other components on a bike, but when rust affects the frame it will cause you to buy an entirely new bike.
Physical Damage
Routine bicycle use does not lead to physical damage of the frame, or to any blunt force contact between the frame and hard surfaces. Over time however, if you fall off your bike or have other accidents, you run the risk of damaging the frame by placing dents in it, damaging the paint job or bending part of the frame. Depending on how severe the damage is, this could impede the performance of your bike or even sideline it completely.
Treatment
Rust treatment is an easy process when you catch the corrosion early. The first step is to remove any existing rust to prevent the damage from spreading. You can do this by brushing the location with steel wool or a metal brush. Then you should apply a protective covering, such as paint or a rust-resistant spray, to prevent new rust from taking hold.
Prevention
Rust is not likely to occur when the metal is not exposed to water and given the chance to oxidize. Keep a coat of paint on the metal to prevent water from corroding it. You should also avoid allowing water to get into the hollow interior of the frame through places such as the saddle post -- this can occur if the saddle is removed from the frame, allowing water an opening into the interior. Treat your bike frame with care and common sense: Avoid accidents and falls, and don't allow your bike to fall on its side. With proper care, your frame should last a long time.
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