Sports photography presents a special set of challenges. You have to capture everything as it happens, without being able to pose or position shots. You also need to be tirelessly vigilant. Get distracted for even a second and you could miss the perfect photograph. Practicing a few simple habits can help ensure success when you take your camera to a sporting event.
Shutter Speed and ISO
Most professional sports photographers shoot at shutter speeds near 1/1000, meaning the shutter remains open for only 1/1000 of a second. These quick shutter speeds allow you to freeze fast action in a single, clear frame. But since the shutter remains open for such a brief amount of time, you'll need to shoot at higher ISO, which is the rating of how sensitive the film is to light. To capture vivid sports photographs, plan to shoot at around 1600 ISO.
Be Prepared
Sports photographers must be ready for anything. This means coming prepared to handle unforeseen equipment problems. Carry extra cameras and film to make certain you don't miss the memorable moment. Many sports photographers keep a smaller camera around their neck so it's readily available in case the main camera falters or runs out of film. Also, preparation extends into studying the sport and the players involved. Proper research can help determine which players to follow or what areas of the field may be most likely to produce a lasting image.
Location
Finding the right location from which to shoot comprises a large portion of winning sports photography. Your position should provide a singular view of the event. When choosing your location, consider the background and not just the photo's subject. Choose angles that deliver rich compositions with vibrant colors and clean lines. Where you stand will determine the experience you provide your audience, so choose wisely.
Pay Attention
Don't get caught watching the action. Remember, you're there as a photographer, not a spectator. While fans may get wrapped up in the game's excitement, you must maintain a professional approach and constantly consider shot composition, lighting, shutter speed and other factors related to capturing the ideal shot. Even a moment of delay can ruin a great photo. Stay focused on the job and don't let your attention waver.
Timing
Timing is everything in sports, and the same holds true for sports photography. A second too early or too late can make the difference between a once-in-a-lifetime image and just another picture. Try to anticipate the action. Seeing something and then snapping will be too late. You need to anticipate the image and snap a split second early -- that way you'll actually capture the desired result. Pre-focusing the camera for the expected shot can further reduce reaction time.
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