The foods that we consume on a daily basis fall into food groups. The United States Department of Agriculture recognizes six major food groups. These groups are grains, vegetables, fruits, meat and beans, milk and oils. The foods in these groups all play important roles in nutrition and health.
Grains
Grains are also known as carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are the body's primary energy source. The grains food group is split into two categories, refined grains and whole grains. Refined grains are processed and contain less nutrients than whole grains. White flour, white rice and white bread are a few examples of refined grains. Whole grains, on the other hand, are not processed and contain the full amount of fiber and other healthy nutrients. Brown rice, oatmeal and whole wheat flour are all included in the whole grains subgroup.
Vegetables
All vegetables are included in the vegetables food group, including vegetable juices. Vegetables served in any method--raw, cooked or frozen--fall into this group. Based on nutrients, vegetables are divided into five more specific categories. Dark green vegetables include bok choy and broccoli. Starchy vegetables include corn and green peas. Squash and carrots are both members of the orange vegetables group. Black beans and pinto beans are part of the dry beans and peas group. Additional vegetables, such as cauliflower and artichoke, are part of the other vegetables group. Vegetables aid in both cancer and cardiovascular disease prevention.
Fruits
Similar to the vegetables group, all fruits, regardless of how they are prepared or served, are included in the fruits food group. Fruit juices that are 100 percent pure are also members of this group. Apples, strawberries, bananas, limes and pineapple are a few examples of fruits. Just like grains, fruits provide the body with fuel in the form of carbohydrates.
Meat and Beans
The meat and beans group is home to all types of meat, poultry, dry beans, fish, eggs, seeds and nuts. Dry beans are members of both the meat and beans group and the vegetables group. This group provides the body with protein necessary to maintain and build muscle. In addition, red meats such as beef are a valuable source of iron. Because some meats are high in saturated fat, it is important to select only the leanest cuts. This will guarantee high protein amounts with little risk to your health.
Milk
All milks and products made from milk are part of the milk food group. This group may also be known by some as the dairy group. Cheese and yogurt also fall into this group. Foods with no calcium content--cream and butter--are not included in the milk group. The calcium found in milk products promotes healthy bones and teeth.
Oils
All vegetable oils fall into the oils food group. This includes canola, safflower, olive and several others. Mayonaisse, margarine and dressings are also considered oils. These foods contain high amounts of healthy monounsaturated fat, along with a high amount of vitamin E.
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