Calcium is essential to the body's nervous and muscular systems, and functions involved with normal cardiac rhythm, blood clotting and healthy bones, even though less than 1 percent of total calcium is needed to support these metabolic functions The remaining 99 percent of calcium is stored in bones and teeth, according to the Office of Dietary Supplements. In women, low calcium is associated with osteoporosis, in which bone density loss occurs, leaving bones fragile and susceptible to fractures. It is key to notice signs of this condition early.
Hypocalcemia
Calcium deficiency produces what is known as hypocalcemia -- low calcium levels in the blood. Calcium levels can drop modestly without any significant or noticeable signs until your calcium levels drop to a dangerously low level; if hypocalcemia remains undetected, more striking symptoms such as neuromuscular signs will eventually present. If left untreated, calcium deficiency can lead to death, states the Office of Dietary Supplements.
Neuromuscular Dysfunction
As the condition continues to go undetected with increasingly lower calcium levels, you likely will begin to notice that your muscles become stiff and ache. Other signs include tremors, and you may notice poor coordination when you walk, according to the Merck Manuals. This can progress to muscle spasms and what is known as tetany, a serious condition in which muscles severely twitch, stiffen and cramp; even throat muscles can spasm, making it difficult to breathe. An extremely low calcium level may cause tingling, burning sensations or numbness in the lips, tongue, fingers or feet. As calcium levels continue to drop, a person may develop seizures. It is imperative that you get emergency medical attention if you experience any of these signs.
Confusion and Memory Loss
Severe calcium deficiency can produce signs and symptoms of confusion and memory loss. A low blood calcium level can affect the functions of the nervous system and result in mental confusion, hallucinations and delusions as well as memory loss, states the Merck Manuals. Mood changes such as depression may also result. Contact your doctor or go to an emergency room immediately if you begin experiencing such symptoms.
Hypotension and Arrhythmias
Low blood pressure ,or hypotension, is another significant sign along with cardiac arrhythmias and abnormal heartbeats. Also, a person can develop congestive heart failure that is accompanied by breathing problems with fatigue and swelling of the ankles and feet (edema), states the Cleveland Clinic. Again, seek medical care immediately if you experience any of these signs.
Dermatitis
Another sign of low calcium involves the skin. The skin may feel noticeably dry and coarse as well as exhibit signs of dermatitis and eczema, according to the Cleveland Clinic. Dark spots of increased pigmentation, also, may appear on the skin. If you experience any combination of these symptoms, immediately seek medical attention.
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