American football is an intense and violent sport that requires protective gear to shield players from injury. In the early days of the sport, players wore little or no padding, making severe injuries common. Today, players wear protective padding made of lightweight materials designed to absorb impact.
Helmets
The football helmet is an essential piece of gear for any player on the field. Helmets consist of a hard outer shell lined with padding on the inside. Helmets are equipped with a mask to protect the eyes and face. The chin strap, which buckles to each side of the helmet, should always be secured while on the field. Proper fit is the most important factor when choosing a football helmet. The helmet should fit snugly to maximize protection from violent blows.
Shoulder Pads
Shoulder pads come in several styles to accommodate players of every position. Linemen and linebackers often prefer bulkier shoulder pads, while receivers and running backs require shoulder pads that allow more mobility. Shoulder pads protect the shoulders, collar bones, chest and upper back. Players often wear a thin shirt underneath the shoulder pads to prevent rubbing and chaffing.
Leg Padding
To help protect the lower body, football players wear padding on the knees, thighs, hips and tailbone. These pads are typically made of lightweight foam materials and simply slip into pockets sewn into the pants. Football pants are designed to be tight fitting to keep pads in place. They are made of lightweight materials such as nylon and spandex that stretch and reduce restriction. An athletic supporter and hard plastic cup are typically worn under the pants to protect the groin region.
Mouthpiece
Football players are required to wear a protective mouthpiece while on the field. The mouthpiece not only protects teeth but also reduces the chance of concussion. Moldable mouthpieces are inexpensive and easy to use. Simply immerse the mouthpiece in hot water to soften it and then insert it into the mouth. Lightly bight down while sucking the mouthpiece close to the gums to obtain a perfect custom fit. Once this is done, drop the mouthpiece into cold water to set the form.
Cleats
Specialized footwear worn by players provides added support and traction while on the field. Football cleats come in a variety of lengths and styles to accommodate players participating on any surface. Indoor turf shoes are available for players playing or practicing on artificial surfaces.
Gloves
Football gloves come in two different styles for players of various positions. Padded gloves provide protection, while lightweight gloves aid in gripping the ball. Gloves are not required while on the field, but they often enhance player performance.
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