LDL, HDL, good, bad, it seems there are endless ways to describe cholesterol levels. LDL stands for low-density lipoprotein. The main function of LDL is to transport cholesterol because it can't dissolve on its own into the blood. Although important, too much LDL can lead to adverse side effects if left untreated.
LDL and Cholesterol
You should always have LDL in your blood, but when you have too much, that's when the problems occur. This type of cholesterol can build up on the inner walls of your arteries. Over time it can create a substance called plaque that lines the artery walls, making them narrower and less flexible. This is dangerous because blood flows through these arteries to get to your heart and brain.
High LDL Effects
When LDL is higher in your blood, you're increasing your risk for heart attack and stroke. The plaque that forms around your artery walls makes it easy for blood clots to form. This is what causes heart attack and stroke. You are at the highest risk for these effects occurring if you smoke, have a history of heart attack or you have metabolic syndrome or diabetes.
LDL Levels
Your optimum level of LDL can depend slightly on your risk factors for heart disease. For example, if you have diabetes, your optimal levels of LDL will be lower than someone who does not have diabetes. If you are at high risk, your optimal level of LDL is 100 milligrams per deciliter. If your LDL is 101 to 129 mg/dL you are above optimal, but still have good levels. Between 130-159 mg/dL is borderline high, and above 160 mg/dL is high, according to the Lab Tests Online website. Visit your doctor to get an accurate reading of LDL tests and to determine whether you should lower your cholesterol.
How to Lower
If you've recently been told by your doctor to lower your cholesterol, you can do much of this through diet and healthy lifestyle changes. Start with your fat intake. Both saturated and trans fats are unhealthy and aid in high cholesterol. These two fats are typically found in animal products and baked goods. Limit the amount of meat you eat and switch to a heart-healthy fat when cooking or baking. Both olive and canola are healthy alternatives. You should also try to cut down on the cholesterol levels found in the other food you consume. Eat no more than 300 mg and no more than 200 mg of cholesterol if you have heart disease. Exercise can help you lose weight and lower cholesterol. Before beginning a new exercise, routine be sure to get the OK from your doctor. If you smoke, quitting will reduce your risk level for heart disease and stroke. Your doctor can further guide you on making healthy lifestyle changes and should be consulted to prevent further cholesterol-related complications, notes MayoClinic.com.
