There are a number of over-the-counter and prescription weight loss aids on the market that are intended to help people lose weight. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved several weight loss medications to help fight obesity.
The National Institute of Health (NIH) says sympathomimetic (mimic the effects of sympathetic activation on the heart and circulation) appetite suppressants are sometimes used during the first several weeks of a weight loss program as a person adjusts to a reduced calorie diet and increased physical activity. However their effectiveness is short-lived.
There are also a number of over-the-counter appetite suppressants; however, the Mayo Clinic reports that there is no solid proof that these nonprescription aids are effective.
Prescription Diet Pills
Phentermine is the most popular prescription weight loss aid. It works by producing a sense of fullness. Phentermine can accelerate the heart rate and cause high blood pressure and an irregular heartbeat.
Xenical blocks about one-third of dietary fat from being absorbed by the body. It's unique from other appetite suppressants in that it changes brain chemistry to reduce appetite. The side effects associated with Xenical include stomach pain, nausea and an increase in the frequency of bowel movements.
Sympathomimetic Suppressants
Sympathomimetic appetite suppressants stimulate the hypothalamus gland while inhibiting the reuptake of neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine) in the brain. This leads to a decrease in appetite. Brand names include Meridia, Phendimetrazine , Benzphetamine, Diethylpropion, Mazindole and Orlistat. Sympathomimetic appetite suppressants may cause dry mouth and a rise in blood pressure.
Nonprescription Appetite Suppressants
Many over-the-counter weight loss pills contain a number of ingredients such as herbs, vitamins, caffeine or laxatives.
Phenylpropanalomine (Dexatrim) is the most frequently used nonprescription appetite suppressant. It is both an appetite suppressant and a nasal decongestant. Dexatrim may cause a rapid or irregular heart beat.
Metabolife is another commonly used over-the-counter weight loss aid. This herbal dietary supplement contains ephedrine (sympathomimetic amine, often used as a stimulant). Metabolife may also increase the heart rate and raise blood pressure.
Additional over-the-counter products advertised as weight loss agents include chitosan, ephedra, green tea extract, chromium and guar gum.
All weight-loss medications are intended to be used in conjunction with a nutritious diet and regular exercise.
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