Whether you run on a treadmill or on a track, you perform the same motion in every stride. However, the design of the treadmill raises questions about the speed you run on a treadmill versus the speed you run on a track. While there are several similarities to the treadmill and track, there also are different factors that affect your running speed.
Limitations
Treadmills are built with a specific motor size that supplies enough horsepower to move the running belt with a speed range. Most treadmills designed for running have a 1.5 to 2.0 continuous horsepower motor that provides a speed range of 0 to 10 mph. However, sprinters and elite distance runners often train at speeds exceeding 10 mph. As a result, treadmill speeds are suitable for beginning runners performing basic running and walking workouts.
Pacing
Interval training and speed workouts are common for runners training for an upcoming event. One of the advantages of a treadmill is that you can set the running belt at a specific speed and pace based on your individual fitness level and workout goals. For example, if you're training for a half-marathon and want to run 6-minute miles, set the treadmill at 10.0 mph. You can perform the same workout on the track, but the treadmill forces you to maintain the specific pace.
Energy
Running at a given speed and incline requires a specific energy requirement from burned calories. There isn't an advantage or disadvantage regarding the number of calories burned during a workout between a treadmill or track workout. However, the moving belt provides a slight mechanical advantage that helps you during every stride, while running on the track utilizes momentum.
Conditions
While treadmills have a limiting speed range, running on a track exposes you to weather and environmental limitations. These limitations include wind, ice, snow or rain that can decrease your speed potential. Running on a treadmill allows you to run freely, without any negative environmental factors.
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